Indications
Cefoperazone is an antibiotic indicated for the treatment of various infections caused by susceptible bacteria. It is effective against respiratory tract infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus (including penicillinase- and non-penicillinase-producing strains), Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Enterobacter species. It is also used for treating peritonitis and other intra-abdominal infections caused by E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and anaerobic gram-negative bacilli, including Bacteroides fragilis. Cefoperazone is effective in cases of bacterial septicemia involving S. pneumoniae, S. agalactiae, S. aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Klebsiella spp., Proteus species, Clostridium spp., and anaerobic gram-positive cocci. Additionally, it addresses infections of the skin and skin structures, pelvic inflammatory disease, endometritis, and other infections of the female genital tract caused by various pathogens, as well as urinary tract infections due to E. coli and P. aeruginosa. While cefoperazone may be used in the treatment of enterococcal infections, its effectiveness should be carefully monitored given the moderate resistance observed in many clinical isolates.
Pharmacodynamics
Cefoperazone is categorized as a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic. It operates by exerting a bactericidal effect, primarily through the inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis. This mechanism disrupts the construction of the bacterial cell wall, resulting in cell lysis and the eventual death of the bacteria.
Mechanism of Action
Cefoperazone functions by targeting specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) within the bacterial cell wall. This interaction inhibits the final stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis, effectively disrupting the integrity and structure of the wall. As a result, bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes, including autolysins, mediate cell lysis, leading to the breakdown and elimination of the bacterial cells.
