Riboflavin

Indications

Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is primarily used for the treatment of ariboflavinosis, which is a condition resulting from vitamin B2 deficiency. This essential nutrient plays a crucial role in various biological processes, making it indispensable for maintaining optimal health.

Pharmacodynamics

As a water-soluble micronutrient, riboflavin is efficiently absorbed by the body and contributes significantly to human health. It supports energy production by facilitating the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. Furthermore, riboflavin is vital for red blood cell formation and respiration, antibody production, and the regulation of growth and reproduction. It also ensures the maintenance of healthy skin, nails, and hair and is crucial for general well-being, including the regulation of thyroid activity. Additionally, riboflavin is beneficial in preventing or treating various eye disorders, such as cataracts.

Absorption

Riboflavin is effectively absorbed from the upper gastrointestinal tract. This efficient absorption process ensures that adequate levels of the vitamin are available for the body's metabolic needs.

Metabolism

Hepatic.

Mechanism of Action

Riboflavin functions through its interaction with key enzymes: riboflavin hydrogenase, riboflavin kinase, and riboflavin synthase. As a precursor to flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), riboflavin plays a crucial role in cellular antioxidant mechanisms. Its antioxidant properties are largely attributed to its ability to facilitate the production of reduced glutathione, an important cofactor for glutathione peroxidases and other enzymes. These peroxidases are vital antioxidant enzymes that safeguard cellular integrity against oxidative damage. Reduced glutathione is synthesized via the action of glutathione reductase, an enzyme that requires FAD for its activity.