Lornoxicam

Indications

Lornoxicam is prescribed for the management of acute mild to moderate pain, as well as for alleviating pain and inflammation associated with certain rheumatic diseases affecting the joints. Its therapeutic benefits make it an effective choice for patients experiencing these specific conditions.

Pharmacodynamics

Lornoxicam is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) categorized within the oxicam class. It functions as a potent inhibitor of cyclooxygenase enzymes, which are critical in the synthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxane from arachidonic acid. These compounds play a significant role in the inflammatory process. Notably, unlike some NSAIDs, lornoxicam does not trigger an increase in leukotriene formation. This occurs because it does not redirect arachidonic acid towards the 5-lipoxygenase pathway, thereby reducing the potential for adverse events commonly associated with other NSAIDs.
Absorption

Metabolism

The metabolism of lornoxicam occurs primarily through the action of the enzyme CYP2C9, leading to the formation of the principal metabolite, 5'-hydroxy-lornoxicam. Only a negligible fraction of the parent compound is excreted unchanged in the urine. The elimination process involves approximately two-thirds of the drug being processed by the liver and one-third by the kidneys, maintaining its active form for therapeutic effectiveness.

Mechanism of Action

Lornoxicam functions by inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins and thromboxanes, similar to other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). It achieves this by targeting and inhibiting the enzymes COX-1 and COX-2, which results in a decrease in inflammation, pain, fever, and swelling, all of which are mediated by prostaglandins. Although this mechanism highlights its efficacy in reducing these symptoms, the precise pathways through which lornoxicam operates remain not entirely elucidated.